Hata kama EARTH na GROUND ni kama kitu kimoja, lakini ni tofauti!
Kwa kingereza ya Merikani wanasema GROUND, alafu kwa Kingereza ya Ulaya(Europe) ni EARTH, so sometimes maana inakuwa confused!
So is why we tried to explain the difference in this rubbish video!
May be whatever is causing You believe MUST do some nonsense to the vehicle, is some minor external problem with the sensors or actuators🤷♂️!
WinOLS ni programu yenye uchawi wa kuwezesha kubadilisha, kurekebisha data iliyomo kwenye ECU.
Ina maana unaeza kutoa/kuzima hizo mifumo zenye usumbufu kwenye gari, zikiwemo IMMOBILISER (kufanya immo off). kutoa DPF, EGR, ADblue, kubadili TURBO zenye umeme, yaaani inafanya kazi nyingi kama ECU tuning, uamuzi ni wako tu🤷♂️!
(S) Air, (Z) fuel, and (M) ignition, are the primary parameters of in a standard combustion Engine😎!So is why each👇, air control, ignition control, fuel control, each tends to have a dedicated (C4,C3,C2) microController listening to certain sensors and ‘actuating’ certain actuators📌!
For example, Fuel Control system has actuators, sensors,
for pressure, temperature, density, etc!
Air Control system same sh*t,
for pressure, temperature, density, etc!
Different, many, sensors, actuators on the engine🤔!
The inputs (S, Z, M) are controlled⚓!
As soon as ☝ exhaust valve (I) opens, smoke is emitted out of the engine!
This is when these Vehicle emission control systems‘ integrated technologies come in with their ‘ujinga’ to minimize or clean that harmful smoke from engines.
Whatever they do with ‘hewachafu‘ & ‘hewasafi‘🤪!
The Vehicle’s emission control system could include,
the Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)!
At (Z) the EGR recirculates a portion of engine exhaust back into the combustion chamber (S)😳!
Plus reducing the amount of ‘smoke‘ emissions,
the EGR indirectly lowers combustion temperatures.
Some sensors & actuators involved! If any f*ks, or falsely reports f*k to the ECU, nonsense starts happen to the engine🤷♀️!
That’s when EGR delete ‘ujanja’ comes in to ‘kinda’ deactivate, f*k off the EGR system😉!
..download whatever data to f*k 💻 the EGR’s ‘ujinga‘
The Vehicle’s emission control system could include, Catalytic Converter that converts ‘smoke‘ at (Z) into less harmful sh*t at (M)🧬!
(O2) Oxygen Sensors, (Z) and (M), monitor the oxygen content in the ‘smoke’,
to help the ECU (O)maintain an ideal air/fuel ratio (S) for optimal (I) catalytic converter performance🏹!
Some sensors & actuators involved! If any f*ks, or falsely reports f*k to the ECU, nonsense starts happen to the engine🤷♀️!
That’s when Lambda, O2 sensor delete,
some could falsely label it as ‘CAT off‘ ‘ujanja’,
but comes in to ‘kinda‘ deactivate or tame the Catalytic Converter system😉!
..download whatever data to f*k this ‘CAT system‘😉!
The Vehicle’s emission control system could include, Evaporative Emission Control (EVAP) that prevents fuel vapors from the fuel tank ( fuel system) from escaping into the atmosphere🤠!
The EVAP does it by trapping them in a charcoal canister and burning them in the engine🤷♀️!
..download whatever data to f*k Emissions‘ ujinga🩺!
The Vehicle’s emission control system could include, Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) that traps, stores, and burns off soot (particulate matter) from engines✌!
Some ‘riddim up’ with Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) using a urea-based solution (AdBlue)🍻!
Some sensors & actuators involved! If any f*ks, or falsely reports f*k to the ECU, nonsense starts happen to the engine🤷♀️!
That’s when ‘ADblue delete‘ blaa bla ‘DPF delete‘ all come in to ‘kinda’ deactivate the ADblue, DPF 😉!
The Vehicle’s emission control system could include, Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) Valve (O),
which redirects (m), crankcase fumes (blowby gases) back, through (S), into the intake manifold🤷♀️! The Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) valve is, typically, usually, as in, most are a simple, mechanical, spring-loaded valve, not an electronic component🍖!
PCV nonsense uses engine vacuum to regulate crankcase pressure👌!
For those few vehicles with electronically controlled, PCV systems,
in case of any ‘ujinga’ that needs elimination, HAPA UJANJA tu👇
…download data to f*k 💻 emissions‘ ‘ujinga’🍻!ONYO📚
Removing restriction of, DPFADblueEGRO2 blaa bla, can result in better throttle response, higher torque, and slightly better overall power🤷♂️.
Obviously without the need for periodic DPF regeneration cycles which injects extra fuel into the exhaust to burn off soot, sii thefuel consumption can improve, ama🤔?
Eliminating the EGR valve kinda prevents carbon buildup in the intake which eventually reduces the risk of clogging, indirectly reducing engine, turbo, or valve failures🧐!
Remember, improperly configured deletes can increase exhaust temperatures, causing excessive stress on components, lead to cracked manifolds or failure😢!
May be whatever is causing You believe MUST do some ECU programming to the vehicle, is some minor external problem with the sensors or actuators🤷♂️!
Remember, how You read the ECU data will also determine what kinds of data You get, and what kind of tuning, programming to be done!
You get different data, via OBD mode, BOOT mode, BENCH mode!
☝☝ click
These files to disable immobilizer system so the ecu accepts any random key used!
Ukumbuke kuwa mwangalifu na vifaa components za circuit board(motherboard), ikiwa kifaa umefugua kime…🤷♀️
….kwamba unadhani umeharibu kitu kwenye mother board, hakuna matata, HAPA UJANJAtu, hii ndio jinsi ya kugundua, kupata na kupima componets za ECU, kisha suluhisha shida hiyo. inshaAllah👇
..download whatever data to f*k emissions‘ ujinga!
Uchawi wa hiizi software, sio kufuta tu code, BUT kutoa kabisa kwa system ya gari, hizo blaa blaa za DPF (Diesel Particulate Filter), EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirulation), LAMBDA ambao ni Oxygen sensor au A/F sensors, ya kwamba kamwe gari kusumbuliwa tena!
Ukitaka kujikumbushakuhusu DPF bonyeza hapa! Sii unajuja usumbufu uliopo gari ikianza hizo blaa blaa kukosa nguvu, check engine light kuaka, nk, juu ya hiizi DPF blaa blaa🤔?
So what You need ni uwezo tu wa kusoma Flash data za ECU, kiisha unazipitisha kwenye hiizi software zifanye uchawi, then unarudisha hizo data kwa ECU🤷♂️!
Ukitaka kumbuka namna kuchagua mashine itaweza kusaidia, may be upumbavu huu👇 unaeza saidia!
…..na ukumbe memomory tofauti tofauti zinaeza kuwa ndani ya memory moja🤔
Ukumbuke kujiamini, coz kazi ni rahisi👇
As long as una hizo data za DRIVER (microcontroller) au na MCU (microprocessor), au na EEPROM husika, hapa tumeweka taka taka tofauti tofauti za hizi software, maana unaeza kuta moja kuna aina ya gari inakosa, na ingine pia!
So, zikiwa software tofauti tofauti pamoja, huwezikosa unataka👌
You know combustion engine (X) used in vehicles😉?How it works, insha’Allah😳!
Whatever magic that happens, rotates the tyres(T) to move the vehicle👩🦽!
Imagine, instead, just put a motor (M) to rotate the tyre🤷♀️!There a billion reasons why (then) to just use a motor (M) to rotate the tyre (T) was illusional😉!Infrastructure, the roads being bad!
The technology was “bad”, it could not offer the range, speed, affordability, maneuverability that the usual internal combustion Engine offered!The motor technology would be adapted to just compliment the IC-engine🧘♂️!
That’s the HYBRID nonsense!
A hybrid drivetrain combines (E) a conventional Internal Combustion Engine (IC-engine) with (M) an electric motor to optimize fuel efficiency and performance🧬!There are different HYBRID configurations,
how motor (M) & IC-engine (E) compliment each other✌!
First🤔try to imagine our Motor(M) and IC-engine(E)🧐!Continue imagining some ‘special something‘ used in hybrid vehicles to manage power distribution between an IC-engine (E) and electric motor/generators (M)😎!
This ‘special something‘ is known as the PSD, which means a power split device (PSD) that enables seamless switching between (M) and (E) or both🏋️♂️!
Insha’Allah,
may these words not confuse You🚧
MHEV , HEV, PHEV, REX, EREV, SOZI
MHEV
(Mild Hybrid Electric Vehicle)
A mild hybrid is a type of hybrid vehicle that uses a small electric motor to assist an internal combustion engine (ICE)🦽!
A small electric generator is installed in place of a traditional starter motor and alternator😉.
This allows fuel-intensive activities, like rapid acceleration or restarting after a stop, to be supported by power from the generator🏋️♂️!
The electric motor is NOT connected anywhere to directly (solely) rotate tyre (T)!
Using this illustration to unconfuse & confuse You with these other terms, HEV, PHEV, REX, EREV, SOZI
HEV
(Hybrid Electric Vehicle)
This a full Hybrid! Both the IC-engine (E) and Motor (M) can, each, solely or together, rotate (T) tyres to drive the vehicle🦽!
The IC-engine could be moving the vehicle alone, while charging the Motor’s HV-battery🤷♂️!
As long as the battery has optimum ‘juice’, the motor then solely drives the vehicle👩🦽!Just like You would connect batteries,
in series or parallel🚧,Whenever necessary to maximize efficiency and performance,
like during Heavy acceleration, climbing hills, or high-load conditions, both the IC-engine & Motor could team up to move the vehicle👩🦽!
PHEV
(Plug–in Hybrid Electric Vehicle)
This type of hybrid, PHEV, just has a larger battery than standard hybrids (HEV)! PHEV allow for more of pure electric driving🧐! Battery (B) is larger, keeps more ‘juice’ to enable motor (M) drive the vehicle for longer🚙!PHEVs must be plugged in to an external power source to maximize efficiency👌! PHEVs automatically manage power, prioritize electric mode until the battery is low, then seamlessly switch to hybrid mode (IC-engine + electric)👩🦽!
EREV
(Extended–Range Electric Vehicle)
A type of battery-electric vehicle (BEV) that uses a small internal combustion engine solely as an onboard generator to recharge the battery🏋️♂️!
The small IC-engine never drives the wheels directly🤷♀️!REx
(Range Extender)
“Rex” (or REx) is simply the abbreviation for the “Range Extender” engine/generator unit itself😜!This EREV is equipped with a,
small, auxiliary IC-engine that acts solely as a generator to recharge the battery while driving👩🦽! Unlike traditional plug-in hybrids, the REx engine never drives the wheels directly; it only powers an electric generator, eliminating range anxiety while keeping the vehicle in electric-only mode🔌!
Batteries (B) & (2B)
Know that there are different Battery technologies, like of Lithium-ion (Li-ion), Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH), Lead-Acid, Sodium-ion, solid-state, Sozion, etc😜, all offer varying energy densities and performance levels✌!
How the batteries work & everything, insha’Allah😜!
ClickHere …for that setup with sensors, ECU, actuators, etc! How they work, testing, troubleshooting, etc🩺!
LOW–voltage battery (2B)
Besides the high-voltage battery (B) to run the motor (M), a Hybrid vehicle ‘could’ have some low–voltage battery (2B) that powers low–voltage electronics, such as lights, infotainment, dashboard displays, and certain sensors📴!
Its most critical function is to.. ..activate the high–voltage relay system and control modules.. …that allow the high-voltage battery to start, then propel the vehicle👩🦽!
📌Don’t forget this LOW-voltage battery in a Hybrid📌
🍺At start-up, it initializes the computer systems and closes the relays (main contactors) that connect the high-voltage battery to the drivetrain👌!
🍻It powers accessories, lights, radio, windows, climate control like when the main system is in “Ready” mode😎!
🍺🍻It’s used for Passive Safety/Security, like to operate the locks, alarm, and key fob sensors , etc!
Yes, it supports the management and monitoring of the main high-voltage battery🤷♂️!
Use the same ‘ujanja’ about relays!
ClickHere …for that setup with sensors, ECU, actuators, etc! How they work, testing, troubleshooting, etc🩺!
Be a ‘mjanja’ while troubleshooting these relays🤪!
Remember🥂
📌Unlike conventional cars, the LOW–voltage battery in a hybrid does not need to turn over a starter motor, allowing it to be smaller, although it still serves the same basic activation functions🧘♂️!
📌Instead of an alternator, the LOW–voltage battery is charged by the HIGH–voltage battery through a DC-DC converter🔌!
📌The LOW–voltage battery can still go dead if the vehicle sits for a long time, preventing the high-voltage system from waking up, seen🤔?
HIGH–voltage battery (B)
Remember, there’s different Battery technolgy👌!
Whichever technology a hybrid vehicle manufacturer finds as suitable, they…
…they produce several cells (tiny batteries)
These tiny (B0) batteries (cells) are then connected together to form amodule (B1), which many modules are also further stacked to form that (B2) stack😜🤪these stacks then form HIGH–voltage (B) battery😁😁!
ClickHere …for that setup with sensors, ECU, actuators, etc! How they work, testing, troubleshooting, etc🩺!
I’m sure the nonsense of a batteries’ parallel, serial connections makes sense to You🩺!
I pray, insha’Allah, as You interrogate🩺whatever nonsense could be with the battery, you follow up whatever connections are, up to as kernel as the cells’ connections🧷!
Through inlets/outlets (O) whatever coolant is circulated into around the battery packs🍻🩺!
As You interrogate🩺 whatever nonsense be with the battery, be ready to deal with temperature sensors!
There could be several Temperature Sensors, per cell, per module, per stack, or some
general, overall battery temperature sensors!If you’re interested in some nonsense about Temperature sensors‘ parameters🩺
Obviously, the current, voltage, of the HV battery must be monitored🤷♂️!
Just be open-minded, depending on the Battery’s complexity, the monitoring could be per, cell, module, stack, or general Battery🤷♂️! If you’re not sure how to test, where to test, what to test, when to test, why to…
ClickHere …for that setup with sensors, ECU, actuators, etc! How they work, testing, troubleshooting, etc🩺!
Whatever monitored parameters,
current, voltage, temperature, sozi, is reported to the Battery’s centralElectronic Control Unit (ECU)💻! There could be some LOCAL electronic control units, per cell, per module, per stack, depending on how complicated the HV-battery could be, insha’Allah☝!The HV–Battery’s ECU, shares the, Temperature, Current, Voltage, and other parameters with other control units including the, DISPLAY and INVERTER / CONVERTER🥂!
📌The HV–Battery‘s ECUuses the parameters to manage the battery‘s modules & stacks, switch them ON or OFF whenever necessary🤷♂️!
📌That State of Charge (SoC) blaa bla is like the ‘fuel gauge’, it indicates the HV–battery’s current energy level🩺!
📌State of Health (SoH) is the measure of the HV–battery‘s long–term condition and capacity degradation compared to when it was new😉!
SoC is a short-term, always variable measurement (current charge),
whereas, SoH is a long-term, irreversible metric representing battery aging🦽!
A hybrid battery disconnect plug (or service plug🔌switch) is some safety sh*t used to isolate the high–voltage battery from the rest of the vehicle system, crucial for safe servicing,repairs🩺!
Typically, on most hybrid vehicles, this plug is of orange color,
and usually, located under the rear seat or trunk/boot area🧐!
This sh*t must be removed and secured, then You drink a 🍺as You wait sh*t to discharge, before working on high-voltage components😜😁!
INVERTER / CONVERTER (Z)
Remember, the electric motor (M) used use to turn tyre (T) is a AC motor, using Alternating Current🔌!
Insha’Allah, for whatever reasons why the AC–motor is preferable for use in Hybrid‘s🤷♂️!
For example, AC motors are more efficient, durable, and capable of generating high torque over a wide speed range compared to DC motors🤷♂️!
In other words, AC motors produce high, immediate torque and manage the variable power demands of driving compared to DC alternatives😎!
ClickHere …for that setup with sensors, ECU, actuators, etc! How they work, testing, troubleshooting, etc🩺!
Our HV–battery(B) stores DC power!
So the power inverter (Z) converts the DC power to AC power, for the efficient motor (M) operation🔌!
Sasa, before We dismantle (Z) the Inverter / Converter‘s internal components, for it’s reverse function, this is what happens🤪😜 in reverse!
When the driver lifts off the accelerator or presses the brake pedal, the same or other dedicated electric motor (G) reverses function, acting as a generator (G)😲!
This process creates some magnetic drag, which slows the vehicle down🏋️♂️!
All the nonsense about motors,
ClickHere …for that setup with sensors, ECU, actuators, etc! How they work, testing, troubleshooting, etc🩺!
The inverter / converter (Z) is vital for controlling AC motor speeds and converting DC battery power, which requires it to be located somewhere within the high–voltage system loop🧘♂️!
Even if🤔, …many hybrid vehicles house the inverter (Z) converter under the hood (bonnet) for whatever reasons including efficient cooling and proximity to the motor,
..this thing (Z) can be located in other locations depending on the manufacturer and vehicle design, hakuna matata🤷♀️!
These things (Z) inverters don’t all look like the same, they just have have a standard (same) functions‘ setup🩺!
Insha’Allah, wherever You find it located🤷♂️;
📌Towards the rear of the vehicle, near the high-voltage battery pack🧐!
📌Integrated, ama, mounted directly on top of or next to the transaxle to reduce high-voltage cabling length🔌!
Sh*t could be under the Vehicle as to manage space in the engine bay🤷♂️!
In fact, in some specific models or custom applications (like campers), the inverter/converter may be located in the trunk or behind interior panels😜!
Lets categorize this thing (Z) then narrate it section by section, bomboclat😁😁!
INVERTER / CONVETER COOLING‘s(O) Whatever magic the converter / inverter does, involves heat generation, and so is why there entry points (O) to circulate whatever coolant🍻🍺!The Temperature of the inverter (Z) converter has to be monitored, so don’t forget considering 🩺whatever Temperature sensor👌!
If you’re interested in some nonsense about Temperature sensors‘ parameters🩺
Dismantling this thing (Z) with the upper half of the housing removed and placed beside it🧐!
Expect the circuit board to be multilayered with; power regulation electronics, MG microprocessors, a boost converter microprocessor, integrated circuits (ICs) for MG speed/position detection, hardware for vehicle communication, voltage Temperature current measurements, safety interlock devices, and so much other nonsense😁😜!
There could be hardware to prevent faults and overlapping, as well as voltage, current, and temperature sensing circuitry for each insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT)😲!
Expect to deal 🩺with controller and driver circuitry for DC–DC converters and inverters😎!You will see such DC, motor, and generator connection terminals🤷♀️!
There is that compartment containing compressor inverter and 12V DC-DC converter👌!
Some sh*t be containing inductor, capacitors, and dc-dc converter😁😜!
DON’T BE SCARED😜😁🤪!
While troubleshooting these circuit boards, use the similar ‘ujanja’ as we used for ECU’s🤷♀️!
Don’t forget about the whatever capacitors that attenuate voltage transients and whatever surges associated with the build-up and collapse of the energy stored in the the inductors!
For example, the large, heavy capacitor is crucial for stabilizing electrical power, filtering noise, and managing high-demand loads📚!
In fact, it is a temporary energy reservoir to bridge the gap between DC sources (solar/battery) and AC output🤷♂️!
There are those other capacitors, like in that nonsense whereby as the duty cycle is varied, the output voltage of the inductor also varies stupidly🤪😜😁!
Sasa, due to these inherent voltage ripples and obviously (but potentially) High Voltages produced by the collapsing inductor field🧐!
Naam, You see how these capacitors serve to stabilize the battery voltage and DC–link voltage as well as protect (Z) devices from potential over-voltage conditions🤷♂️!
There those Boost converter modules😲!
DON’T BE SCARED😜😁🤪!
While troubleshooting these circuit boards, use the similar ‘ujanja’ as we used for ECU’s🤷♀️!
Kindly, don’t just cram these setups😜🤪😁! These things vary with different hybrid vehicles, this 5021tips nonsense isjust giving You some perspective of ‘wah gwaan’, seen🤔? 😜🤪😁😜 Let me even stop here,
NOT to confuse You further😜😁!
There is this book here about if you’re interested in going through all the deep deep details of about the hybrid converters / inverters🤷♀️!
Otherwise such writings could also be youseful, jazaka’Allah✌
Hybrid Vehicle Powertrain Systems combine conventional powertrain components, an internal combustion engine and transmission, with new electric components, electric motor, power electronics and high voltage energy storage, such as a battery.
So this from TOYOTA engineeris to help you know how to perform the necessary maintenance, service, and repair procedureson hybrid cars!
Hapa tunajaribu kufafananua au kuelezeana maana ya maneno fulani ya kitaaalam👌, ambao tunatumia katika maisha yetu ya kila siku, bila kujua maana🤔! So,HAPA UJANJA tu👨🎓
Hivi ni vitabu vya kila technical field,
bila kufuata mlolongo wowote👌!
Tunaweka tu chochote tunaodhani kinaweza kuongezea ujanja kwa mtu yeyote!
Unaweza hata kupakua, as in download, kwa simu au computer🤷♂, au…. kwamba wakati wowote unapotaka kusoma utapitia usumbufu wa kurudi hapa😒! Vingi ni bure💃🕺, na vingine ni mbili tu🍻!
HAPA UJANJA tu👨🎓
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WinOLS ni programu yenye uchawi wa kuwezesha kubadilisha, kurekebisha data iliyomo kwenye ECU.
Ina maana unaeza kutoa/kuzima hizo mifumo zenye usumbufu kwenye gari, zikiwemo IMMOBILISER (kufanya immo off). kutoa DPF, EGR, ADblue, kubadili TURBO zenye umeme, yaaani inafanya kazi nyingi kama ECU tuning, uamuzi ni wako tu🤷♂️!
ENGINE SPEED inamanisha mwendo engine inazunguka (a.k.a RPM) alafu VEHICLE SPEED ni mwendo wa gari zima au tuseme muzunguko wa tayari although sio!
Hizi signal zinakuwa programmed tofauti tofauti as shown in this nonsense video!
Nguvu za magineti👌 zikija karibu kwa wire au kifaa chechote kinachopitisha umeme na kwamba kuna umeme unaopita🤔kwa hiki kifaa, kuna uchawi funi utakaotokea kusababisha/kuzalisha umeme namna tulivyolekezana kwa hii video👇!
Electronic Stability Program (ESP) ama Electronic Stability Control (ESC), au tena Dynamic Stability Control (DSC), ni uchawi wa ku improve a computerised vehicle’s stability by detecting and reducing loss of traction (skidding).
ESP baada ya ku detect any loss of steering control, kuna namna it applies the brakes kuifanya gari irudi where the driver intends to go bila kupagawa namna tulijaribu kuelezea!
(S) Air, (Z) fuel, and (M) ignition, are the primary parameters of in a standard combustion Engine😎!So is why each👇, air control, ignition control, fuel control, each tends to have a dedicated (C4,C3,C2) microController listening to certain sensors and ‘actuating’ certain actuators📌!
For example, Fuel Control system has actuators, sensors,
for pressure, temperature, density, etc!
Air Control system same sh*t,
for pressure, temperature, density, etc!
Different, many, sensors, actuators on the engine🤔!
The inputs (S, Z, M) are controlled⚓!
As soon as ☝ exhaust valve (I) opens, smoke is emitted out of the engine!
This is when these Vehicle emission control systems‘ integrated technologies come in with their ‘ujinga’ to minimize or clean that harmful smoke from engines.
Whatever they do with ‘hewachafu‘ & ‘hewasafi‘🤪!
The Vehicle’s emission control system could include,
the Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)!
At (Z) the EGR recirculates a portion of engine exhaust back into the combustion chamber (S)😳!
Plus reducing the amount of ‘smoke‘ emissions,
the EGR indirectly lowers combustion temperatures.
Some sensors & actuators involved! If any f*ks, or falsely reports f*k to the ECU, nonsense starts happen to the engine🤷♀️!
That’s when EGR delete ‘ujanja’ comes in to ‘kinda’ deactivate, f*k off the EGR system😉!
..download whatever data to f*k 💻 the EGR’s ‘ujinga‘
The Vehicle’s emission control system could include, Catalytic Converter that converts ‘smoke‘ at (Z) into less harmful sh*t at (M)🧬!
(O2) Oxygen Sensors, (Z) and (M), monitor the oxygen content in the ‘smoke’,
to help the ECU (O)maintain an ideal air/fuel ratio (S) for optimal (I) catalytic converter performance🏹!
Some sensors & actuators involved! If any f*ks, or falsely reports f*k to the ECU, nonsense starts happen to the engine🤷♀️!
That’s when Lambda, O2 sensor delete,
some could falsely label it as ‘CAT off‘ ‘ujanja’,
but comes in to ‘kinda‘ deactivate or tame the Catalytic Converter system😉!
..download whatever data to f*k this ‘CAT system‘😉!
The Vehicle’s emission control system could include, Evaporative Emission Control (EVAP) that prevents fuel vapors from the fuel tank ( fuel system) from escaping into the atmosphere🤠!
The EVAP does it by trapping them in a charcoal canister and burning them in the engine🤷♀️!
..download whatever data to f*k Emissions‘ ujinga🩺!
The Vehicle’s emission control system could include, Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) that traps, stores, and burns off soot (particulate matter) from engines✌!
Some ‘riddim up’ with Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) using a urea-based solution (AdBlue)🍻!
Some sensors & actuators involved! If any f*ks, or falsely reports f*k to the ECU, nonsense starts happen to the engine🤷♀️!
That’s when ‘ADblue delete‘ blaa bla ‘DPF delete‘ all come in to ‘kinda’ deactivate the ADblue, DPF 😉!
The Vehicle’s emission control system could include, Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) Valve (O),
which redirects (m), crankcase fumes (blowby gases) back, through (S), into the intake manifold🤷♀️! The Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) valve is, typically, usually, as in, most are a simple, mechanical, spring-loaded valve, not an electronic component🍖!
PCV nonsense uses engine vacuum to regulate crankcase pressure👌!
For those few vehicles with electronically controlled, PCV systems,
in case of any ‘ujinga’ that needs elimination, HAPA UJANJA tu👇
…download data to f*k 💻 emissions‘ ‘ujinga’🍻!ONYO📚
Removing restriction of, DPFADblueEGRO2 blaa bla, can result in better throttle response, higher torque, and slightly better overall power🤷♂️.
Obviously without the need for periodic DPF regeneration cycles which injects extra fuel into the exhaust to burn off soot, sii thefuel consumption can improve, ama🤔?
Eliminating the EGR valve kinda prevents carbon buildup in the intake which eventually reduces the risk of clogging, indirectly reducing engine, turbo, or valve failures🧐!
Remember, improperly configured deletes can increase exhaust temperatures, causing excessive stress on components, lead to cracked manifolds or failure😢!
May be whatever is causing You believe MUST do some ECU programming to the vehicle, is some minor external problem with the sensors or actuators🤷♂️!
Remember, how You read the ECU data will also determine what kinds of data You get, and what kind of tuning, programming to be done!
You get different data, via OBD mode, BOOT mode, BENCH mode!
☝☝ click
These files to disable immobilizer system so the ecu accepts any random key used!
Ukumbuke kuwa mwangalifu na vifaa components za circuit board(motherboard), ikiwa kifaa umefugua kime…🤷♀️
….kwamba unadhani umeharibu kitu kwenye mother board, hakuna matata, HAPA UJANJAtu, hii ndio jinsi ya kugundua, kupata na kupima componets za ECU, kisha suluhisha shida hiyo. inshaAllah👇
Jinsi unafahamu engine za diesel zinatoa’nga moshi kali wenye vichembe (particles)🚆!
Sasa kwa kutaka kuzuia hizi particles zisitoke nje ya gari kuharibu mazingira, kuna kidude fulani kinawekwa kwenye exhaust pipe ya gari ya diesel ili kushika hizi particles!
Baada ya hizi particles kushikwa zinachoma mpaka kupotea namna tulijabu👇kumbushana!
AIRBAG system iko na sensa ya kuchunguza kutikisa, ina maaana gari ikitikisa gafla kupiita kiasi isio ya kawaida, hii sensor ‘sensa’ itapeleka umbea chap kwenda kwa ECU (control boxi)!
Sasa, ECU ikipata ujumbe, kulingana, itapeleka moto (power) kwa defletor na kulipuwa AIRBAG namna tulijaribu kuoneshana hapa👇pamoja na chakufanya ili kutoa/kuziima hiyo taa ya AIRBAG👨🔧
Ajali ikitokea, kompyuta itahifadhi kumbukumbu hili, kwamba ata ukiweka diagnosis mashine ili kuzima taa ya AIRBAG haiwezekani!
Sasa ukibonyeza HAPA kuna ka uchawi ka kuzima au ku reset Airbag kufanya kompyuta isahau chechote, yaaani idanganye kwamba gari ni forever new!
Kuzima AIR BAG bila mashine, kulingana especially kama gari hapana kupata ajali👇
Huu uchawi wa PIZOELECTRIC EFFECT ni kwamba, ukigonga au kukandamiza kitu kiliotengenezwa kwa ile kemikali ya crystal blaa blaa😂🤣😁, hicho kitu kinaweza kuzaa umeme. TENA ukipitisha umeme katika hicho kitu, kitatemeka (to vibrate/shake or move)! So ni vice versa namna tulijaribu kuoneshana kwenye hii video🤷🏼♂️
We are disorganized🤧🤮!
Here, You could get a general understanding, a setup of a Vehicle’s Immobilizer System🤠!
Otherwise We, further, deeply & separately, discussed every specific brand’s system 🤷♂️!
We demonstrated how KEY PROGRAMMING is done on different vehicle brands, lost keys, spare keys, immo OFF😎 immo ON!
As in, all vehicle brands, like, Benz, Toyota, LandRover, Isuzu, Volvo, Suzuki, Sozi, DongFeng, etc🚙🚎🛺🚑🚗! In no particular order We keep adding whatever nonsense that comes up,insha’Allah🤞!
We packing loads of rubbish here, very useless! Just make sure You can make sense out of this nonsense, seen🤷♀️?
Our things are very disorganized, just fight to get what could be useful, insha’Allah✌
Whether, Keys typeX or typeY,
make sure You be able to do spare keys, lost keys, synching (adapting/programming) whatever involved ECU,Z, hardware wherever necessary👌!
Niiiga, at least have an idea, bomboclat😁🤣😂!
Below this page👇,
there is a list with links to every specific Vehicle🧐 !
Kindly study this picture,
make sure you’re not drunk & drank🤪!
Remember, We have 2 types of Keys, Smart Keys (Y) & Analog Keys (X) with metal😜!
Staring with Analog Keys (X)
S) The bitting, ama, the grooves on the key blade,
can be used for Electronic Engine Immobilizer System👌! The complex grooves like the paracentric or laser-cut patterns can be almost impossible for picking and unauthorized duplication🤷♂️.
How electronic🤔? HAPA UJANJA tu🤪!
In some vehicles, when👇 the correct key, A, turns the door-lock switch, B, a signal is sent to the Pneumatic System Equipment Pump (PSE), C, controller, to unlock the doors, at the same time enabling the immo relay, D, that is linked to the Engine Starter🤷♂️!
See how why some vehicles, without first unlocking the driver’s door lock, NO engine crank🤷♂️!
Remember😉, You may clickhere if you want buy us a drink🍻! Jazak’Allah🤞
Assuming You’re familiar with ELECTROMAGNETISM magic!
Otherwise CLICKHERE
Try to imagine🤔, some special ‘things’, material, that can excite or be excited, by Electromagnetism magic🤔!😂🤣
I’m finding means of how You could understand the ‘special things‘ (transponders) used in keys🤪!
For now, I’m using the words “special things” because We don’t yet know about transponders, seen🤔?
So, bare with my nonsense🤣😂🤪!
Anyway, continue imagining, how these small ‘special things‘ (T) are made🧐!
Note that, these ‘special things‘ (T), can change or can be changed by the Electromagnetism magic!Longer story, shorter😜!
Use the picture below to continue imagining🤔!
S) Imagine this ‘special things‘ (T or 2T, 3T) has particles inside🤔! These particles are arranged in a normal, usual (unprogrammed) way👌!
O)Remember, the particles in the ‘special things‘ (T or 2T, 3T) can be excited (changed) programmedusingElectromagnetism magic, using whichever tool (2J)!
Z)These particles in the ‘special things‘ (T or 2T, 3T) have been permanently (uniquely) excited (programmed) at (S) to (Z) or (I) or whichever, depending on the magic is uniquely done by tool (2J)!
As in, the arrangement of the particles in the ‘special things‘ (T or 2T, 3T) have been rearranged, looking as different particles in the new different ‘special things‘ (T1 or 2T1, 3T1)
J)This ‘special thing’, for example, (T) that was, permanently & uniquely, excited to form (T1)!
Yes, this new (T1), if put in an electromagnetic filed, formed by coli (J),
this new ‘special thing‘ (T1) will ‘disturb’ excite the magnetic filed the same unique way,
how it was permanently excited at (O),
from (T) to (T1)!
A pulled or stretched spring, or, a rubber band hits back with same force that pulled it🤷♂️! The unique magic that happens at (J), is perceived as the unique password, or data, or whatever😂🤣🤣!
Now, stop imagining, wake up😂🤣😜! Remember our photo🤔?
Look😳 at this picture below👇!
P) Using a given algorithm (transponder data),
the tool (2J) is commanded to uniquely excite program ‘the special thing‘ (T), to change it’s particles’ arrangement, into a newer, unique arrangement (T1)!
F) Using the same (P) algorithm (transponder data), the electronic device (F) is commanded, programmed to only expect, accept, the same magic that was used to uniquely excite, program the ‘special thing‘ (T) to change (T1)!
Meaning that, the magic that (T1) causes at (J), should be the same magic that produced it, from T😉!
Remember, a pulled or stretched spring, or, a rubber band hits back with same force that pulled🤷♂️!
So, the force that pushed (T) to become (2T),
is the same force (magic) that will be exerted at (J)🤷♂️!
HAPA UJANJA tu🤪!
A ‘special thing‘ is put in a vehicle’s key (E)!
Somewhere in on the car,
some electronic device (F) is also put, installed to detect, listen to the havoc (magic) that the ‘special thing‘ in the key, causes at( J)🤷♂️!
Don’t imagine🤣😂,
all this whatever nonsense is the vehicle immobilizer system!
That ‘special thing‘ (T1, 2T1, 3T1) in the key (E)
is known as a Transponder!
The electronic device (F), that listens to the havoc (magic) caused by the transponder (T1, 2T1, 3T1), is the immobilizer electronic control unit (immo ECU)
Some call it “immo box“🤠!
The “immo box” could be a separate unit,
OR,
Could be virtually hidden in the (D) engine’s electronic control unit (engine ECU),
OR,
hidden in some other device,
could be Instrument Cluster (C), Body Electronics’ Control Unit (B),
or wherever even Tyres😜🤣😂!
Remember😉, You may clickhere if you want buy us a drink🍻! Jazak’Allah🤞
A) When the Transponder key (E) is turned to switch-ON (zungusha), the immobilizer electronic control unit (A) causes an electromagnetic field at the ignition switch (J)👌!F) Whatever magic that,
that Transponder (T1 or 2T1 or 3T1) within the Transponder Key (E),
that kind of excitement (magic) caused to the electromagnetic field at (J),
should match with whatever data is stored in the EEPROM (F), seen🤔?!
LOST KEY🤔?
“Whatever” is in the lost key (E) is the same as what is saved in EEPROM (F), iwinjo🤔?
You have read, and now You have the Transponder Data, that is stored in EEPROM (F)!
P) You have read the Transponder data (P),
from the immobilizer EEPROM (F)!
2J) Get an empty Transponder (T),
then write theTransponder Data (P),
using whichever tool (2J), finish🤷♂️!
HAPA UJANJA tu🤪!
S) These Transponders (T, 2T, 3T), are virgin, blank with NO unique Transponder Data🧻🍻!
The Transponders are waiting to be excited (Programmed)!
S) These Transponders (T, 2T, 3T), are different👌!
There are sub-Types, within each type of Transponder!
Like Transponder Type (T) ,
You will find versions, 4C, 4D, etc!
..and again within 4D,
there are other extra versions of4D,
like 4D67, 4D50, 4D21, 4D5021🤣😜😂, etc!
Z) The unique Transponder Data (P) is what makes (T) to either become (T1) or (T2) or (T3) or (T5021)😂😜🤣!
That is why even if vehicles (S, O, Z, I) are the same, with their Transponder Keys all looking the same, the data in their Transponder Keys, is very different😎!
The key for (S) can’t work on (O, Z, I) and otherwise true😂🤣!
Yes, some EEPROM stores the Immobilizer Data🤠!
But, the Immobilizer Control Unit (immo ECU) has many EEPROMs on it’s motherboard😎!
Some SMART KEYS are just, smart atCAR ACESS, notENGINE START🤐!
S) Key must be inserted then press START/STOP button🤮!
O) Key must be inserted then twisted, turned to START/STOP😳!
Z) Everything Keyless😜!
Whether, CAR ACESS or ENGINE START,
the key keeps hidden in the knickers👌!
Using(O) for example🧐!Its ‘technology‘ is almost as,
good as the ‘analog’ metallic Transponder Key🤣!
Assume, Keys (S) & (O), as just ‘semi–SMARTKEYS‘👌!
Lets do the fully SMARTKEYS (Z)Let’s use of them for this study😉! Whatever mix of, Wireless & Electrical, Technology used in the SMART KEY, insha’Allah🤞!
Just know that the ‘thing’😂switches electrical data into radio-wave data
back and forth😂🤣
If You wish to deep into electronic components on any control unit’s motherboard, circuit board, then..
Back to our SAMRT KEY😂🤣Study this picture👇 it’s SMART KEY system’s algorithm!
NOT that every smart key’s the same, ..but similar🤠!
It’s the ENGINE IMMOBILISER (start) FUNCTION😉!
H) The smart key is in the pocket🤷♂️
K) Press START/STOP (K) button that is linked to (F)!
F) The BCM (F) quickly powers (G) and (D)!
G)The LF antenna (G) tickles the Key to spit out it’s ID!
D) The HF antennasends the received ID (X) to ( E)!
E) The Certification, smart ECU (E) verifies Key’s ID!
Tells BCM (F) the ‘hakuna matata’ key is ok😜!
F) The BCM (F) just allows for Ignition Switch-ON!
(That is, if brake or clutch pedal (J) was NOT pressed)
NOTE📌
The BCM (F) has power supply sessions👌!
A session to power ON the antennae (D & G)!
A session to power ON Certification Smart ECU (E)!
A session to power ON the ID-code ecu (B)!
J) If the BCM (F) gets both signals,
from START/STOP button (K) and
from the brake or clutch pedal sensor (J)!
It means the Engine needs to be started,
and so the BCM (F) will power ON (B)!
Y) As soon as the ID-code ecu (B) wakes up, it tells the Smart ECU (E) to verify it’s self!
W) The ID-code ecu (B) wil also tell the Steering lock ecu (A) to verify itself!
X)The ID-code ecu will also tell the Engine ecu (C) to verify itself!
If everything validates, the Engine ECU will get a Start-Engine Signal!
…remember the algorithm could vary by vehicle make🤐!
…remember the algorithm could vary by vehicle make🤐!
…remember the algorithm could vary by vehicle make🤐!
…remember the algorithm could vary by vehicle make🤐!
…remember the algorithm could vary by vehicle make🤐!
Remember😉, You may clickhere if you want buy us a drink🍻! Jazak’Allah🤞
S)Let’s start the rolling code (xyz) nonsense🤪!
Using WhatsApp, for example🤔!As You would register a WhatsApp number, a 6-digit code is sent to that number👌!
WhatsApp expects You to write the same number so as to verify ‘wah gwaan‘🥂!
This WhatsApp code is valid only ONCE🤐!
Coming back to👇 our nonsense😎!
The👇 security code in (E or 2E) must match with what is in (F or 2F)🚧!
If I canwith ‘ujanja’ get the security code in (E or 2E)😎 I just make another key, then…🤷♀️!Sasa, the rolling code (or hopping code) ‘ujinga’ is where the key (E or 2E) and car’s respective ECU (Electronic Control Module),
could be ECU’s (A or B or C or D whatever), they agree to agree on using a unique, one-time (WhatsApp) code 👌!
Depending on the vehicle’s algorithm, This rolling (changing) code could be changing on every after Engine is allowed to start🤷♀️!
Like every after a successful 👇Zungusha😜!
…this code could be changing on each transmission, as in, changing with every pressing of the key,
to prevent a ‘mjanja’ from recording and replaying the signal to unlock the vehicle🤪!
So, if a code is intercepted, it’s useless🧻🚽!
The stolen code is useless because the car is already expecting the next code in the sequence🤷♂️!
Like👇, if for now, the key and the vehicle aggress on code Y (4487931)!
The next expected code is X (8007764)🤪!
This rolling code nonsense could be between the key(E or 2E) and a respective ECU (A, or B, C, D)
OR
This👇 rolling code nonsense could further to be between certain ECU‘s (D & E)👇!
Like👇
(A and D) have some rolling code algorithm between them, to verify the key🔑to do whatever nonsense in the vehicle without starting the engine👌!
Further, after (A & D) agreeing,
(D & E) also have some rolling code ‘ujinga’ between them🤷♀️ to allow the engine start🍻!
Just like with WhatsApp, some nonsense could happen that the code verification algorithm becomes stupid, out of sync that it requires a specific procedure to return to the normal code verification🧘♂️!
So, in specific vehicles, if a key or ECU is out of sync, it usually requires a specific procedure (such as turning the ignition on/off several times) to re-synchronize with the ECU🥂!
These (S,O,Z) are the same, but just look similar😉! If truck (Z) has a problem🩺,
You could ‘Chaga‘ 🤐 ‘Kikuyu‘ a spare part off, from (O and or S) can 🩺repair (S)🤷♀️!
Spray Truck (S) with ‘Baganda‘ witchcraft water😲!
Every part on truck (S) sprayed with ‘Baganda‘😳!
The ‘Baganda‘ witchcraft water😲
is some unique, specific liquid 💻data🤐!
If You suspect a part was stolen from vehicle (S), yet this vehicle (S) had already been sprayed with the witchcraft water🤔,
use a certain tool, scan that suspected part🤷♀️!But the vehicle with a stolen part will still move🤷♀️!
We’re continuing to renovate this page, If You found it here,
kindly check back within 43200 seconds, You may, will find some new nonsense🤪!
Insha’Allah✌!
Remember😉, You may clickhere if you want buy us a drink🍻! Jazak’Allah🤞
Whatever nonsense is shown in this video is more nonsense if You don’t first go through all the rubbish we earlier discussed on how these immobilizer systems work, where which why when what components involved, seen😉?
Kwanza moja kwa moja, ukumbuke how immobilizer systems work,
what components involved,
why what and how to supercalifragilisticexpialidocious do if lost or spare keys🤷♂️!
HAPA UJANJA tu😁🤣😁😜
Kwanzia hizo TRANSPONDER KEYS funguo za chuma za kawaida, mpaka hizo SMART KEY, tunaanza na mifumo, jinsi zinafanya kazi, ili uweze kuelewa kwanini, mashine fulani ndo zinazo kamilisha kazi fulani!
TRANSPONDER KEYS
Kwa kutaka kuzuia wizi, walifanya uchawi kwenye gari kwamba isipo kuwa funguo maalum ya hiyo gari maalum, hiyo gari haiwezi kuendeshwa. Kwenye funguo waliweka kadude fulani kanaitwaTransponder Sasa haka kadude namna tulivyoneshana kwa video, kuna neno siri ama PIN a.k.a password ambao lazima ifanane na ilyo kwenye gari. Isipo fanana gari haitawaka!
So, kwa hii video tulijaribu kuoneshana namna hiizi blaa blaa zote zinafanya kazi
Ina maana hiyo funguo maalum ya kuendesha gari maalum ikipotea lazima ufanye uchawi wa ziada kuirudisha namna tuliojaribu kumbushana katika hii video!
ONYO🚨: Mara kwa mara kuna ujanja unaotokea wa nmna ya kufanya key programming, so hii ni just basics of what could be done in case🤷♂️!
Na hata kama hizo transponder zinafanana kwa muonekano, lakini ziko tofauti kaaabisa! Yaani ziko na namba mf., ID46, 4C, TPX7, nk kulingana aina ya gari!
Ina maana ukileta tranponder ya Toyota Corona kuiweka kwa system ya Toyota Carina, hazitafanya🤷🏼♂️ namna tulioneshana kwenye hii video
Sasa kuna system zenye funguo za transpoder kama tumeone, na kuna smart key systems
SMART KEY SYSTEMS
Sasa, hizo smart zinabaki mfukoni kwamba unaeza kufungua mlango na kuendesha gari bila kuigusa hiyo funguo!
KEYLESS ama SAMRT KEY SYSTEM ina upande miwili, upande wa kuasha gari KEYLESS IGINITON SYSTEM, na upande mwingine wa tuseme kifahari hiiivi, KEYLESS ENTRY SYSTEM ile yakufungua mlango, booti, kutembeza viti, nk!
So namna hii video inakuonesha tutangaliza hizo part tofauti tofauti
KEYLESS IGINTION SYSTEM
Sasa tukianza na KEYLESS IGINTION SYSTEM tutaona namna SMART ECU ikishirikiana na ID CODE BOX, BODY ECU, ENGINE ECU, nk, kama TRANSMISION ECU, STEERING LOCK ECU, nk, ili kuwezesha engine kuaka kwa kutambua kama ndo funguo sahihi ilioko mfukoni ya huyo mtu anaejaribu kuendesha hiyo gari! Hii video ni ndeeefu pamoja na maneno mengi ya kurudia rudia ili uweze kuipata vizuri!
KEYLESS ENTRY SYSTEM
Sasa hapa tunajaribu kuoneshana KEYLESS ENTRY SYSTEM, utaona kwamba hapa ni SMART ECU na BODY ECU na componet zingine zinazohusiana…pamoja na uchawi gani unaweza kufanya kukitokea blaa blaa yeyote kwenye hii system!
Unajua kuna mashine nyigi na ni rahisi kutengeneza au kuongeza funguo ya smart. LAKINI ukikosea kidogo tu, ni hatari na kwamba system nzima utakuwa umehiharibu🤷♂️!
So be careful when diagnosising for problems or when using diagnosis machine as we tried ellaborate in this video
Kufanya IMMO OFF ni ule uchawi kufanya gari iwake na funguo yeyote kama kawaida au kama mifumo ya zamani. IMMOBILIZER DECODING🙄, ni kama ufunguo umepotea, unafuta kumbu kumbu ya ufunguo, kuirudisha kuwa bikira (virgin) kama mwanamke akiwa ajaolewa, namna gari inavyokuwa kiwandani!
Namna tulioneshana kwenye hii video, kufanya IMMO OFF either unaweka emulator au ku edit data za IC ama chip ya funguo!
ONYO 📌
kama unajelewa niaje, mambo ya EEPROM data blaa blaa, tumekuwekea hapa data za IMMO OFF na DUMPS (virgin Data), otherwise endelea kujifunza niaje!
Na, sometimes, ukiwa na secret codes fulani, ziwe SMART KEYS au TRANSPONDER KEYS, kwa kutumia ata diagnosis machine ya kawaida, unaweza kufanya ujanja fulani! So, tumekuwekea program kuwezesha kupata hizo secret codes fulani!
Tena tulijua kwamba funguo ikipotea unaweza kupata code/passsword kutoka hiyo EEPROM ili ukatumbukize kwenye funguo ingine ndo gari iwake, au pia kama control boxi imekufa unatoa haka EEPROM ukaweke kwa hiyo control boxi ingine👌!
Sasa uchawi ni kusipojua EEPROM ya funguo iko wapi na ni gani katika hizo nyingi zilizopo kwenye circuit board, maana iwe control boxi au immo box kuna EEPROM nyingi nyingi.
So hii App📲 ya kwenye simu au na kompyuta💻, inakusadia kujua EEPROM ipi au Transpoder ipi inaendana hiyo gari🤔!
Sasa tayari umejua ni EEPROM gani ya funguo🙄, je unajua nini chakufanya uweze kuisoma, kubadili ili ufanye IMMO OFF au DECODE ili kupata code/password ya funguo kutoka hiyo EEPROM?So ukibonyeza HAPA utona tulikumbushana au kuoneshana kuhusu data inakuanga humu, inakaje, inasomwa au kubadilishwa namna gani🤷🏼♂️ hizo blaa blaa binary, HEX, address, nk, mara Flash Memory, EEPROM memory, nk!
Hiki kitabu kina namna ya ku program funguo za gari, mashine gani yakutumia, vifa gani vya kufungua/kufunga kwenye gari, nk!
Yaani unapata almost kila umbea mhimu👌! Ni PDF📲 popote💻 kinafunguka!
Tuseme umepata idea ya namna funguo zinafanya👌!
Na funguo ikipotea umejua kwamba unaweza kutumia data ya EEPROM kuweza kutenegeza ufunguo mwingine AU ukafanya IMMO OFF ukatoa tu immo system ili gari ikubali funguo yeyote.
Sasa changamoto ni kujua uchawi gani wa kufanya immo off au ku program funguo ingine kwa kutumia data ya EEPROM ndo maana ukitaka niaje😢!
Tumekusanya kila aina ya programu, yaani software kufanya ujanja wowote kwenye kila gari🤔, bonyeza tu HAPA HAPA HAPA🤷♂️!
Huu ni mifano namna hizi softyware ziliopo! Ni nyiiingi👌!
bonyeza HAPA 
How it works, 
Niiga, 
So is why each👇,
The inputs (
If You don’t want read more nonsense..
If You don’t want read more nonsense..
The 
There a billion reasons why (then) to just use a motor (
Infrastructure, the roads being bad!
There are different HYBRID configurations,
Continue imagining some ‘
As long as the battery has optimum ‘juice’, the motor then solely drives the vehicle👩🦽!
Just like You would connect batteries,
Whenever necessary 
This 
Unlike traditional plug-in hybrids, 
If you’re interested in some 
Just be open-minded, depending on the Battery’s complexity, the monitoring could be per, cell, module, stack, or general Battery🤷♂️!
If you’re not sure how to test, where to test, what to test, when to test, why to…
There could be 
The 
In fact, 
You will see such DC, motor, and generator connection terminals🤷♀️!
😜🤪😁😜
Let me even stop here,
Reload document 
Open in new tab 
👇👇
The 
😂🤣
A pulled or stretched spring, or, a rubber band hits back with same force that pulled it🤷♂️!
Let’s use of them for this study😉!
As You would register a WhatsApp number,
I just make another key, then…🤷♀️!
Sasa, the 
But 
Put an 
We’re 
So ukibonyeza HAPA utona tulikumbushana au kuoneshana kuhusu data inakuanga humu, inakaje, inasomwa au kubadilishwa namna gani🤷🏼♂️ hizo blaa blaa binary, HEX, address, nk, mara Flash Memory, EEPROM memory, nk!
