This PDF shows this FORD's circuit functions, Wiring diagram with a simplified conventional pictorial representation of these electrical circuits. As ... Read More
This software manual covers absolutely every years’ in between . Every possible repair procedure is covered. This is the SAME comprehensive manual dealers and mechanics use. It’s simple, straightforward, includes authorized or recommendable factory procedures, and best of all, you can do it yourself!
As the video demonstrates, this manual contains vast library of technical and service repair information illustrated details for the Diagnosis, Repair, service technician. It would be of benefit to any all NISSAN owners even if only to gain some insight into the service / problems / issues of the car prior to presenting their car to service garage!
• General Information
• Service Information
• Chassis
• Suspension
• Driveline
• Brake System
• Steering System
• Powertrain
• Engine
• Exhaust, Clutch and Transfer Case System
• Fuel System
• Electrical
• Climate Control System
• Instrumentation and Warning Systems
• Battery and Charging System
• Audio Systems
• Lighting
• Electrical Distribution
• Electronic Feature Group
• Body and Paint
• Body
• Frame and Mounting
• Tires and Wheels
• Wheel Alignment
• Immobilizer
• Maintenance and Lubrication
• HVAC
• Engine Mechanical
You may watch this video previewing the contents of in this manual, the download below it!
Just like the video below shows, this Nissan Pathfinder R51 Service, Diagnosis, Repair Manual covers all aspects of vehicle repair, maintenance and rebuild specifications for all mechanical components, including engine, gearbox, differential, front axle, along with repair and replacement guidelines for suspension, steering, brakes, body panels, interior fittings, electrical components. Also covers electrical system with wiring diagrams and diagnostic data, plus detailed troubleshooting guides. Go below the video to download
This a Factory issued workshop manual covering all aspects of vehicle servicing, repair and restoration. Covers all topics such as chassis, brakes, suspension, engine, transmission, differentials, interior components and electrical wiring diagram!
Provides step-by-step instructions on how troubleshoot any problem, including information based on a complete disassembly of the vehicle. This hands-on experience provides You with specific and detailed instructions for performing everything from basic maintenance and troubleshooting to a complete engine overhaul
This is COMPLETE official OEM full workshop service repair manual containing easy-to-read text sections with top quality diagrams and instructions includes:
Detailed sub-steps expand on repair procedure information,
Notes cautions and warnings throughout each chapter pinpoint critical information,
Numbered instructions guide you through every repair procedure step by step,
Bold figure number help you quickly match illustrations with instructions,
Detailed illustrations, drawings and photos guide you through every procedure,
Enlarged inset helps you identify and examine parts in detail,
Numbered table of contents is easy to use so that you can find the information you need it fastly,
Troubleshooting and electrical service procedures are combined with detailed wiring diagrams for ease of use and to makes it easy to repair problems with your car’s electrical system!
You may watch this video showing you the contents, after go below to download!
You could be a Mechanic, or May be you own this vehicle and you are a type of DIY (Do-It-Yourself) person that can fix your vehicle without going to the mechanic, Youjust wanted to change broken lights, brakes, or just knowing your car’s workings’!
We are here to help! HAPA UJANJA tu!
This diagnosis, repair, service or workshop manual designed specifically for your vehicles model and year. Most of the manuals are compiled in PDF files with Index, some are non-indexed, some are single PDF file, some are HTML/PDF hybrid programs.
As the video below previews, these are some of the contents in this manual!
Lubrication and Maintenance Suspension Differential & Driveline Brakes Clutch Cooling System Battery Starting System Charging System Ignition System Instrument Panel Systems Audio Systems Horn Systems Vehicle Speed Control System Turn Signal and Hazard Warning Systems Wiper and Washer Systems Lamps Passive Restraint Systems Electrically Heated Systems Power Distribution Systems Power Lock Systems Vehicle Theft/Security Systems Power Seat Systems Power Window Systems Power Mirror Systems Chime/Buzzer Warning Systems Overhead Console Systems Wiring Diagrams Engine Exhaust System Frame and Bumpers Fuel System Steering Transmission and Transfer Case Tires and Wheels Body Heating and Air Conditioning Emission Control Systems
This a very comprehensive Full workshop service manual, printable at any time!
Very easy to read and well set out All petrol engines covered All diesel engines covered
As the video below previews, all systems have been covered including,
Lubrication and Maintenance
Suspension
Differential & Driveline
Vehicle body
Brakes
Cooling
Audio/Video
Chime/Buzzer
Electronic Control Modules
Engine Systems
Heated Systems
Horn
Ignition Control
Instrument Cluster
Lamps
brake Systems
Power Systems & Restraints Speed Control Vehicle Theft Security Wipers/Washers Navigation/Telecommunication Wiring Engine Exhaust System Frame & Bumpers Fuel System Steering Transmission Tires/Wheels Body Heating & Air Conditioning Emission Control Component
This HIGH-QUALITY OEM manual is 100% COMPLETE and INTACT, no MISSING/CORRUPT pages/sections to freak you out! This manual is exactly as described. This is the same type of service manual dealers use when doing any repairs.
This manual has detailed illustrations as well as step by step instructions. All pages are clearly indexed and printable, so run off what you need and take it with you into the garage or workshop.
This manual is your number one source for diagnosis, repair and service information. They are specifically written for the do-it-yourself-er as well as the experienced mechanic.
All pages are printable. As the video below shows, this COMPLETE official full workshop service repair manual includes:
Detailed sub-steps expand on repair procedure information
Notes, cautions and warnings throughout each chapter pinpoint critical information.
Numbered instructions guide you through every repair procedure step by step.
Bold figure number help you quickly match illustrations with instructions.
Detailed illustrations, drawings and photos guide you through every procedure.
Enlarged inset helps you identify and examine parts in detail.
Numbered table of contents easy to use so that you can find the information you need it fastly.
This manual also makes it easy to diagnose and repair problems with your machines electrical system.
Troubleshooting and electrical service procedures are combined with detailed wiring diagrams for ease of use.
As you know, diagnostics, or fault finding, is a fundamental part of an automotive technician’s work, and as automotive systems become increasingly complex there is a greater need for better diagnostic skills. This very Advanced Automotive Fault Diagnosis is a better book to treat automotive diagnostics as a science rather than a check-list procedure. As breifly shown, each chapter includes basic principles and examples of a vehicle system followed by the appropriate diagnostic techniques, complete with useful diagrams, flow charts, case studies and self-assessment questions. The book will help new students develop diagnostic skills and help experienced technicians improve even further. This new edition is fully updated to the latest technological developments. Along with more new real-life case studies, this edition of Advanced Automotive Fault Diagnosis includes new content on diagnostic tools and equipment: VCDS, decade boxes, scanners, pass through, sensor simulators, break out boxes, multimeter updates for HV use, and more . It explains the fundamentals of vehicle systems and components, and it examines diagnostic principles and the latest techniques employed in effective vehicle maintenance and repair. Diagnostics, or faultfinding, is an essential part of an automotive technician’s work, and as automotive systems become increasingly complex there is a greater need for better diagnostic skills.
This list is very incomplete, tunaendelea kuweka🤞! So, ukikosa uliotaka, shuka chini ya hii page utujulishe tukutumie fasta fasta, au zungumza/chat with SUZAN if She is online! HAPA UJANJA tu😎!
This is complete factory service repair workshop manual has easy-to-read text sections with top quality diagrams and instructions.
They are specifically written for the do-it-yourselfer as well as the experienced mechanic. With step by step instruction & highly detailed exploded pictures & diagrams to show you how to complete the required job correctly & efficiently .
Provides step-by-step instructions based on the complete dis-assembly of any system or parts. Yes, it is this level of detail, along with hundreds of photos and illustrations, that guide You through each service and repair procedure.
This Factory Service Manual generally covers General Information, Service Information, Suspension, Driveline, Brakes, Steering, Engine Mechanical, Cooling, Starting, Ignition, Emission Controls, Engine Controls, Transmission, Transaxle, Exhaust System, Fuel System, HVAC, Instrumentation & Warning Systems, Battery & Charging System, Audio Systems, Lighting, Electrical, Body Interior – Exterior and more…
This video previews of the contents, covering RangeRover, Discovery, Freelander, Defender
This list is very incomplete, tunaendelea kuweka🤞! So, ukikosa uliotaka, shuka chini ya hii page utujulishe tukutumie fasta fasta, au zungumza/chat with SUZAN if She is online! HAPA UJANJA tu😎!
This list is very incomplete, tunaendelea kuweka🤞! So, ukikosa uliotaka, shuka chini ya hii page utujulishe tukutumie fasta fasta, au zungumza/chat with SUZAN if She is online! HAPA UJANJA tu😎!
This list is still very incomplete, tunaendelea kuweka🤞! So, ukikosa uliotaka, shuka chini ya hii page utujulishe tukutumie fasta fasta, au zungumza/chat with SUZAN if She is online! HAPA UJANJA tu😎!
Unaeza kuwa una hiyo diagnosis mashine, but kunachangamoto unapata🤔! May be matumizi ya namna kufanya utundu fulani wa kitaalamu, au inaeza kuwa mashine ina tatizo imekushinda kurekebisha, au, meeeeeen, could be any problem🤷♂️! So tunaweka hapa kila taka taka tunakutanayo zinasumbua watumizi mbali mbali🙄!
Tunawekanga namna ya kupata software za mashine, au ukitaka ku update au downdate au kuharibu mashine tunakuonesha unafanyaje🤷♂️! Ukitaka password za ku login mtandaoni (cloud diagnosis) zote tunawezasaidiana👌!
Of late, the development of the motor vehicle has been marked by the introduction of electronics. At first, electronic systems were used to control the engine (electronic fuel-injection systems), then electronic components entered the domain of driving safety (e.g. antilock brake system, ABS). More recently, completely new fields of application have emerged in the areas of driving assistance, infotainment and communication as a result of continuous advancements in semiconductor technology. Consequently, the proportion of electrics and electronics in the motor vehicle has continuously increased.
The complexity of the vehicle system is set to increase still further in the near future. To guarantee operational reliability in view of this complexity, new methods of electronics development are called for. The objective is to create a standardized architecture for the electrical system/electronics that alsooffers short development times in addition to high reliability for the electronic systems.
This writing or technical manual equips you with a powerful tool of reference for information about the level of today’s technology in the field of vehicle electrical systems and electronics. Many topics are addressed in detail, while others –particularly the electronic systems – are only presented in overview form. These topics receive in-depth coverage in other books in our series.
Hii PDF inakuonesha wapi sensor, actuators, fuses, blaa blaa, zilipo! Unachuguzaje kukiwepo tatizo, mashine ikikupa OBD code unawezaje kuendelea kurebisha, aiiise ata hizo wiring za control boxi, na blaa blaa zingine! Ni PDF ata unaweza ku download kwenye simu📲 au unaendelea kusomea hapa hapa! Ukitaka ECU pinouts za gari zingine bonyeza HAPA HAPA
The purpose of this section is to help you understand the general diagnostic process that you will follow regardless of the type of customer concern you are troubleshooting…..and also to know about the features of diagnostic tools that will help you with greater accuracy
and speed…..not forgeting the lay out the troubleshooting steps and resources you will need to follow when diagnosing customer concerns.
Hizi engine za nissan YD25DDTi unazikuta kwenye, akina NAVARA, PATHFINDER, MURANO, URVAN, nk! Sasa, kwenye hiki kitabu kuna blaa blaa zote za wiring, pamoja na maelekezo ya OBD fault codes!
Hii PDF ikichelewa kufunguka bonyeza ecYD25DDTi au hapa usome au download moja kwa moja!
Jinsi unafahamu, these repair manuals cover various aspects. Kueleza, kuonesha namna certain components and systems work. As in, they tell you when why where what how to maintain, repair, spoil, remove, move, unmove, etc😂😅🤣. Anyway, some or most repair manuals even have updated diagnostic and maintenance information. Sii unajua these manuals are written by manufacturers, and so, include original workshop repair details👌! Sasa🤷♂️?
So here we’ve provided practical diagnosis, repair manuals and service manuals including automotive maintenance, motorbikes, cars, trucks, tractors, bicycles, wheelbarrows, etc, which are the same essential industry standard softwares/books used by authorized dealers. Many most manuals are free, others unachangia tu 🍻just2beers, ili tuchamgmshe ubongo, na kuboresha uchiizi wetu! Asante🙏 !
Hybrid Vehicle Powertrain Systems combine conventional powertrain components, an internal combustion engine and transmission, with new electric components, electric motor, power electronics and high voltage energy storage, such as a battery. So this from TOYOTA engineer is to help you know how to perform the necessary maintenance, service, and repair procedures on hybrid cars!
This electronic service manual (ESM) is intended for serve, repair and troubleshoot Nissan GTR, Model R35 Series 2008-2016MY.
Service manual contains the detailed and full description of repair and service procedures, electric schemes, the moments of inhalings, process of assembly and disassembly of the engine and other units and units, body sizes for an extract of a body, detailed repair transmission automatic and manual, repair of coupling, steering management, the conditioner, the necessary special tool, and as other information about Nissan GT-R – R35.
The common rail system uses a type of accumulation chamber called a rail to store pressurized fuel, and injectors that contain electronically
controlled solenoid valves to inject the pressurized fuel into the cylinders. Because the engine ECU controls the injection
system (injection pressure, injection rate, and injection timing), the injection system is independent, and thus unaffected by the engine
speed or load. This ensures a stable injection pressure at all times, particularly in the low engine speed range, and dramatically decreases
the amount of black smoke ordinarily emitted by a diesel engine during start-up and acceleration. As a result, exhaust gas emissions
are cleaner and reduced, and higher power output is achieved.
Hiki kitabu kinajaribu kufafanunlia maana ya OBD fault code, wapi tatizo lilipo kwenye gari, pamoja na umbea wa ziada wenye namna tofauti tofauti chakufanya ili kutatua hilo tatizo! So try go through it, uone kama kinaeza kuwa kitabu mhimu kwako! Kama kuna maneno ya kingereza huelewi, tumisa ile app ya kutafsiri maana!
This service manual iko kwa lugha ya English, and it has been prepared to provide SUBARU service personnel with the necessary information and data for the correct maintenance and repair of SUBARU vehicles. This manual includes the procedures for diagnosis, maintenance, disassembling, reassembling, inspection and adjustment of components and diagnostics for guidance of experienced mechanics.
Sasa, this is intended for the technical personnel responsible for service and maintenance of Mercedes>Benz trucks.
The contents in here are split up into:
• function descriptions
• component descriptions
• Description of location of electrical connectors, sockets and
ground points
Especially kwenye hizo gari zenye haziina hii OBD socket mpya ya 16PIN, pamoja na kwamba diagnosis mashine za siku hizi zinakuanga na socket moja juu siku hizi gari zote ni zenye hiyo socket moja! Ina maana gari yenye socketi tofauti ikitokea huwezi kupima kwa mashine!
….so HAPA UJANJA tu👨🎓 Za ABS ziko chini ya hii document
Hivi ni vitabu vya kila technical field, bila kufuata mlolongo wowote👌, kwa sababu tunaweka tu chochote kinachoonekana kuwa cha mhimu kwa mtu yeyote!
Unaweza hata kupakua, as in download, kwa simu au computer🤷♂, au…. kwamba wakati wowote unapotaka kusoma utapitia usumbufu wa kurudi hapa😒! Vingi ni bure💃🕺, na vingine venye gharama, sii unajua😉? Ni mbili tu🍻!
HAPA UJANJA tu👨🎓
As you know, diagnostics, or fault finding, is a fundamental part of an automotive technician's work, and as automotive systems become increasingly complex there is a greater need for better ... Bonyeza hapa uendelee kusoma
Of late, the development of the motor vehicle has been marked by the introduction of electronics. At first, electronic systems were used to control the engine (electronic fuel-injection systems), then ... Bonyeza hapa uendelee kusoma
This this Computer Repair Textbook is true book that reveals exactly how to be successful in the Computer Repair Business. This book is for those just starting out in the ... Bonyeza hapa uendelee kusoma
Hizi gari za siku hizi zina uchawi wa kumbusha kufanya service ya gari muda ukifika! So ukimaliza kufanya service lazima au bora uzime hiyo taa, so hizi procedures ziweza kusaidiya! ... Bonyeza hapa uendelee kusoma
The purpose of this section is to help you understand the general diagnostic process that you will follow regardless of the type of customer concern you are troubleshooting.....and also to ... Bonyeza hapa uendelee kusoma
Jinsi hii video inakuonesha, hiki kitabu kina namna ya ku program funguo za gari, mashine gani yakutumia, vifa gani vya kufungua/kufunga kwenye gari, nk! Yaani unapata almost kila umbea mhimu👌! ... Bonyeza hapa uendelee kusoma
Hiki kitabu kinajaribu kufafanunlia maana ya OBD fault code, wapi tatizo lilipo kwenye gari, pamoja na umbea wa ziada wenye namna tofauti tofauti chakufanya ili kutatua hilo tatizo! So try ... Bonyeza hapa uendelee kusoma
This book offers easy-to-follow lessons in electricity and electronics' fundamentals and applications with minimal math, plenty of illustrations and practical examples, and test-yourself questions that make learning go more quickly. ... Bonyeza hapa uendelee kusoma
Haka ka software kako na zile basics za OBD blaa blaa, ufanyaji kazi wa ma sensors, actuators, codes, nk! Picha/maneno mengi ya kitoto lakini huwezijua may be kanaweza kusaidia🤷♂️! Alafu kanafunguka tu kwa computer sio simu🙄!
Nadhani unafahamu/unasikianga kuhusu uchawi wa AUTODATA🤔!
Inakuonesha wiring diagrams
Inakuonesha mahali vifaa au parts zilipo kwenye systems za gari Alafu AUTODATA inafunguka ata kwenye;
simu📲 au Kompyuta💻 au… Ukitaka au kama unaweza kumalizana nao,
nenda upate kwenye 👇
Unaweka tu details alikupa, na ufate mashariti 🤷♂️ !
Kama hujapata, bonyeza👉 HAPA👈 upate uchawi wa namna kuingia! Au kama hutaki usubufu wa blaa blaaa, sijui nini nani, VPN, bonyeza tu upate DVDversion & ferutedPDF📲, amabao inakuonesha kila kitu, inafanya kazi vizuri, lakini haiko tu updated, juu sio webbased!
Sii unajua kuna maelekezo jinsi ya kufungua, kufunga, kurekebisha, ku fanya hiki na kile…pamoja na michoro ya wiring, picha zote😎! Iliaandaliwa na wataalamu wenyewe👌, so…..?
Hebu tazama hii video uone niaje🙄, kiisha shuka chini uweze kui download!
Sii unajua kuna maelekezo jinsi ya kufungua, kufunga, kurekebisha, ku fanya hiki na kile…pamoja na michoro ya wiring, picha zote😎! Iliaandaliwa na wataalamu wenyewe👌, so…..?
Hebu tazama hii video uone niaje🙄, kiisha shuka chini uweze kui download!
BENZ kuna vi code code wanaotumia vya kumanisha kitu gani kwenye gari🤷🏼♂️! Mfano, kumanisha fuel pump wanweza kuweka code FP17/QU so kama hujui FP17/QU inamanisha kitu gani na kiko wapi🙄, unakwamma tu! So ndo maana tumekuwekea hii softwae ikusaidie niaje👌
Jinsi hii video inakuonesha, hiki kitabu kina namna ya ku program funguo za gari, mashine gani yakutumia, vifa gani vya kufungua/kufunga kwenye gari, nk! Yaani unapata almost kila umbea mhimu👌!
Technologia inabadilika kila sekunde, so ukiona mashine fulani ndo ilitumika, usikulupuke kununua hiyo mashine unaezakuta kuna mashine ingine mpya/bora! Hiki kitabu kikusadie tu kutoa mwanga kwa macho yako, nenda ufanye research nyingi zingine bora🙏🏼!
Kwa kutaka kuzuia wizi, walifanya uchawi kwenye gari kwamba isipo kuwa funguo maalum ya hiyo gari maalum, hiyo gari haiwezi kuendeshwa. Kwenye funguo waliweka kadude fulani kanaitwa Transponder
Sasa haka kadude namna tulivyoneshana kwa video, kuna neno siri ama PIN a.k.a password ambao lazima ifanane na ilyo kwenye gari. Isipo fanana gari haitawaka!
So, kwa hii video tulijaribu kuoneshana namna hiizi blaa blaa zote zinafanya kazi
Ina maana hiyo funguo maalum ya kuendesha gari maalum ikipotea lazima ufanye uchawi wa ziada kuirudisha namna tuliojaribu kumbushana katika hii video!
ONYO🚨: Mara kwa mara kuna ujanja unaotokea wa nmna ya kufanya key programming, so hii ni just basics of what could be done in case🤷♂️!
Na hata kama hizo transponder zinafanana kwa muonekano, lakini ziko tofauti kaaabisa! Yaani ziko na namba mf., ID46, 4C, TPX7, nk kulingana aina ya gari! Ina maana ukileta tranponder ya Toyota Corona kuiweka kwa system ya Toyota Carina, hazitafanya🤷🏼♂️ namna tulioneshana kwenye hii video
Sasa kuna system zenye funguo za transpoder kama tumeone, na kuna smart key systems
Sasa, hizo smart zinabaki mfukoni kwamba unaeza kufungua mlango na kuendesha gari bila kuigusa hiyo funguo!
KEYLESS ama SAMRT KEY SYSTEM ina upande miwili, upande wa kuasha gari KEYLESS IGINITON SYSTEM, na upande mwingine wa tuseme kifahari hiiivi, KEYLESS ENTRY SYSTEM ile yakufungua mlango, booti, kutembeza viti, nk!
So namna hii video inakuonesha tutangaliza hizo part tofauti tofauti
Sasa tukianza na KEYLESS IGINTION SYSTEM tutaona namna SMART ECU ikishirikiana na ID CODE BOX, BODY ECU, ENGINE ECU, nk, ili kuwezesha engine kuaka kwa kutambua kama ndo funguo sahihi ilioko mfukoni ya huyo mtu anaejaribu kuendesha hiyo gari! Hii video ni ndeeefu pamoja na maneno mengi ya kurudia rudia ili uweze kuipata vizuri!
Sasa hapa tunajaribu kuoneshana KEYLESS ENTRY SYSTEM, utaona kwamba hapa ni SMART ECU na BODY ECU na componet zingine zinazohusiana…pamoja na uchawi gani unaweza kufanya kukitokea blaa blaa yeyote kwenye hii system!
Unajua kuna mashine nyigi na ni rahisi kutengeneza au kuongeza funguo ya smart. LAKINI ukikosea kidogo tu, ni hatari na kwamba system nzima utakuwa umehiharibu🤷♂️! So be careful when diagnosising for problems or when using diagnosis machine as we tried ellaborate in this video
Hapo chini, kwendelea na IMMO OFF na sijui IMMOBILIZER DECODING🙄, na vingine!
Sasa pia kuna ujanja unawefanya kwenye gari ili iwake na funguo yeyote kama kawaida au kama zamani. Kuna hiyo blaa blaa ya IMMO OFF! Namna tulioneshana kwenye hii video, kufanya IMMO OFF either unaweka emulator au ku edit data za IC ama chip ya funguo!
Tena tulijua kwamba funguo ikipotea unaweza kupata code/passsword kutoka hiyo EEPROM ili ukatumbukize kwenye funguo ingine ndo gari iwake, au pia kama control boxi imekufa unatoa haka EEPROM ukaweke kwa hiyo control boxi ingine👌! Sasa uchawi ni kusipojua EEPROM ipi ya funguo maana iwe control boxi au immo box kuna EEPROM nyingi nyingi. So hii software inakusadia kujua EEPROM ipi au Transpoder ipi inaendana hiyo gari🤔BONYEZA HAPA UWEZE KU DOWNLOAD HII SOFTWARE
Hiki kitabu kina namna ya ku program funguo za gari, mashine gani yakutumia, vifa gani vya kufungua/kufunga kwenye gari, nk! Yaani unapata almost kila umbea mhimu👌! BONYEZA HAPA ku download🍻 😁🤣😂
Tuseme umepata idea ya namna funguo zinafanya👌! Na funguo ikipotea umejua kwamba unaweza kutumia data ya EEPROM kuweza kutenegeza ufunguo mwingine AU ukatoa tu immo system ili gari ikubali funguo yeyote. Sasa changamoto ni kujua uchawi gani wa kufanya immo off au ku program funguo ingine kwa kutumia data ya EEPROM ndo maana ukitaka niaje….bonyeza tu HAPA HAPA HAPA🤷♂️
Kiliofanywa ni kuweka kwa website hii www.5021.tips/ujanja/allbmbooks namna ya blaa blaa zote hizo kuhusu vitabu vyenye maelekezo ya ufundi wa gari za BMW ili kwamba hata ukiwa kwenye simu au computer popote ulipo unapata kila🤷🏼♂️! So namna tunaelekezana katika hii video, this how you can access these manuals👇! Lakini kama unauhakika utaweza kuitumia hii website bila kuangalia hii video, then BONYEZA HAPA uendelee🤷🏼♂️!
Alafu AUTODATA inafunguka ata kwenye;
So ndo maana tumekuwekea hii softwae ikusaidie niaje👌
